和想和她在一起，看着她，看着她的眼睛，眉毛，鼻子，嘴巴，臉蛋，每一個

神情，每一個笑容，每一個舉止。一想到她要2個月才回來，就覺得很失落。

哎！我還是把對她的思念轉移到看書吧！我現在似乎開始有點明白“詩經”

中提到到“求之不得，輾轉難寐。”也許把那種思念放到學習上，説不定

我的成績會突飛猛進，而且日子也快過一點。試一下吧！

Immigrants want to make a better future. In “New York’s Great Waves of Immigration”, Foner mentioned that many immigrants couldn’t find jobs which match their high education. They couldn’t fulfill their aspiration in their homeland. In this case, these educated people left their countries. They wanted to achieve their goals at abroad. Obviously, immigration was the only way for them to make their dream come true. If they stay in their homeland, it is impossible for them to make a good future. Likewise, in “The Rise of Transnational Communities”, Portes stated: “they make use of their time abroad to build a base of property, and then travel back and forth to advantage of economic opportunities in both countries.” According to this word “base”, it is clear that these immigrants have no money before they immigrate. If their homeland has good economy, it is unnecessary for them to leave their home land and build the base of wealth. Hence, these immigrants wanted to make a bright future by immigration.

Immigration brings the advanced technology to their home land. Portes states that the immigrants in Brooklyn, New York, learn to use new technology to supply clean water for their home land. They learned in New York, and went back to their home countries. Also, they also raised money for this water project. Here, obviously, Mexico didn’t have a clean water supply, and didn’t know how to make use of the new technology. However, the immigrants moved into New York, and learn the advanced technology and let new technology work for their undeveloped home land. Similarly, Font state: “Thanks to modern communications and air travel, a group of Mexicans in NY involved in raising money to improve their home community’s water supply was able to conduct meeting…when they leaned the new tubing had been delivered.” According to this description, it is clear that Mexican need new technology for water supply. Without the help of immigrants, they absolutely couldn’t complete this big project in the undeveloped countries. Thus, the advanced methods are brought into by immigrants at abroad.

In “New York’s two Great Waves of Immigration”, Foner stated that most of the immigrants’ second generation didn’t follow their parents. They were born in NY. Also, all ethnicity can be expressed in NY. They prefer to living in NY, and don’t send money back to their home land. Here, it is very clear that the assimilation process makes a big effect. It makes most of the immigrants’ generation mix into NY. They don’t keep close touch in their parents’ homeland. However, Portes stated that Colombia and Dominican immigrants in NYC wanted to vote in election in their respective countries and got support from their home governments during the 1970s and 1980s. Clearly, these immigrants love their homeland and want to keep in touch with their homeland. Even though they are in abroad, they still miss their homeland. Hence, the second generation is different from their parents, and they prefer New York.

Above all, both authors agree that the immigrants wanted to make a better life in abroad, and they still keep frequent contact with their homeland. It is the best evidence that they bring the new technology to their undeveloped homeland. However, Foner states that most of the second generation doesn’t love their parents’ homeland as well as their parents. They lose touch with their parents’ home land.

Being lazy and not making a plan for the future can bring bad results to people. In “The Grasshopper and the Ant”, when the winter comes, the grasshopper doesn’t have any food in the house. Hence, the grasshopper has to borrow food from the ant. In this case, we can see that this is really a good example to prove the difference between laziness and working hard. It is because the grasshopper didn’t work hard and didn’t prepare food for the coming winter. The bad result is that the grasshopper has to beg for food when the winter comes. Likewise, in “Who Speaks for the Lazy?”, Krystal mentions:” I had no bank account …Sometimes I moved from one city another simply because I had a chance to house-sit or because a friend offered to put me up.” It is obvious that without store can bring a lot of inconvenience to people. Krystal just wanted to be a house-sitter, and Krystal moved from one city to another city. This is a bad outcome being caused by lazy people to prepare for the future.

People should work hard. In “the Grasshopper and the Ant”, the ant has food in the house. It is because the ant worked hard when the weather was warm. In this case, we can see that it is not essential for the ant to borrow food from others in the winter because the ant is not lazy. Thus, the ant didn’t need to suffer from hunger in winter. Similarly, in “Who Speaks for the Lazy?” Arthur Krystal illustrates: “I had plans: I was going to write big fat novels and make potloads of money. But what good is ambition without energy? It’s nothing more than daydreaming.” According to the word “daydreaming”, we can predict that Krystal also agrees that working hard is necessary. If people do not work hard, no matter how excellent the plans are, the plans are still nothing, and do not come true. Hence, it is essential for people to work hard.

Both authors point out the disadvantages of laziness. In “the Grasshopper and the Ant”, the author mentions: “Singing, were you? How delightful! Well, now you can dance!” According to the ant’s words, it is obvious that the author uses a way to satirize the grasshopper. The grasshopper didn’t prepare food for the winter, and just abandoned into singing. However, Krystal points out the reason why people are lazy. In “Who Speaks for the Lazy?” Krystal illustrates: “laziness was thought rise from natural contluence of mind and body. The laziness suffered from melancholia.” By the words “suffered” and “melancholia,” we can see that lazy people don’t want to be lazy. It is because being lazy is also a suffering for them. It is not completely their faults, but that is just a mental ill.

Above all, both authors admit that people must work hard, and should not be lazy. Laziness brings people into big troubles. However, Krystal mentioned that some people are lazy because of mental problems.

l        Introduction  the relationship among Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and cold war

l        Body 1                 conflict between American and Soviet

n        Bela Kovacs Arrested[1]

l        Body 2        the reason of starting of Truman Doctrine

n        American offered help those endangered countries by financial and military[2][i]

l        Body 3                             the reason of starting of Marshall Plan

n        Marshall Plan pointed out why support those countries [3]

l        Body 4                   the relationship between Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan

l        Body 5                   Communist information Bureau and the reason why cold war                                 began

l        Conclusion    Truman Doctrine, Communist Information Bureau, and Marshall Plan have close relationship

It is necessary for people to relax. In the article “Less is more”, Brandt mentioned that Japan began to realize the disadvantages of working long time without relaxation. It was a big social problem in Japan causing stress-related illnesses and even death. Hence, Japan Government considered this serious problem, and encouraged to short the working hour and gave enough time for people to relax. According to the social problem in Japan, we can see that it is very harmful that people who work long time without enough relaxation. Similarly, in the article “Work, Labor, and Play”, Auden also agreed that people need more relaxation. Auden illustrated “He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much. Workers die of coronaries and forget their wives’ birthday.”  According to this illustration, it is obvious that how serious the problem caused by working long time without enough relaxation. Both authors pointed that the death reason is caused by working long time without relaxation.

Also, both authors admit that enough relaxation make people work efficiently. Brandt illustrated: “This new policy would not only give America’s workers more time to devote to our families, friends, and personal and community lives, but would also provide benefits to employers in increased efficiency and productivity, reduced accidents and absenteeism, improve morale…..” By this description, we can see that it is very essential that people need enough time to rest in order to work well. After rest, people can work better than before. Likewise, Auden had the same idea that people need time to leisure. Auden mentioned: some workers do some jobs which they don’t like. They hope they have more time to relax. After relaxation, they can work more efficient than before. Thus, it is obvious that workers need enough time to relax after they suffer from their work, especially for those who compelled.

Although both authors agreed that relaxation is essential for people, they have a dispute. That is, the technology whether to reduce working hour or not. Brandt illustrate: “……microwave ovens and frozen dinners that merely enable us to adopt a similar frantic pace in out home lives so we can cope with more hours at paid work. It is clear that technology doesn’t help people to reduce working hour. Oppositely, the modern technology increases working hours. Nonetheless, Auden disagreed with Brandt, and illustrated that technology help people to increase productivity and to less working hour. There is much leisure for workers than before. Thus, they have a dispute that technology is helpful to workers.

According to the two articles, both authors show that all people are suffering from their work. They have long working hours and less leisure time. Hence, the way to work efficiently is to give workers more relaxation.

Presentation: “Marriage and Love” by Emma Goldman

In the article “Marriage and Love”, the author, Emma Goldman, argued that marriage is unfair to women. She is a realist. In her opinion, marriage is merely an economic arrangement and insurance pact. Women devote her name, privacy, self-respect, and her life to her marriage. However, man have more freedom than women, almost no limitation to man. In marriage life, women lose her life-long independency, becoming a parasite, getting uselessness. Also, it is not necessary for women to know anything about her husband, and women’s education and trainings are limited because marriage is their final goal. They don’t have rights to pick up their lovers. The luxury of romance is not sensible. The moral lesion is that a man must have firm financial responsibility to support his family and take care his wife. After getting married, a woman reduces their craving, weakens her health and breaks her spirit. She must work at home, born her husband’s children. The women’s position is just like workers. It is not because women love their husbands, but because their husbands offer wealth and home for them. In this case, women are getting reckless, clumsy, and dependent.

Regarding love, it is great power. Nothing can subdue love. All people need love. Without love, all people are poor and desolate. Love produces marriage. Women give birth to children and become mothers because of love. Their children are the reason why fleeting life against death, maintain life. Love is the true parents, and it makes people continue their reproduction.

In “Vow; Sabeen Ali and Hash Mian” by Joann Biondi, published January 13, 2008, Ms Ali and Mr Mian’s marriage are arranged by their parents. However, they didn’t get married immediately. They continued their education until finish their college. After they graduate, they began their career before marrying. They also leave each other because of their jobs.

Ms Ali and Mr Mian’s marriage is arranged. Ms Ali still has college education and goes to work outside. She can be a wage worker. Not only she works outside, but also she works at home after she gets married. Working outside is not only because she needs to relish her youthful freedom, but also because she needs to build firm finances. It is almost the same as Marx’s critique of labor.

I don’t agree what Emma Goldman mentioned. She said that marriage is just an economic arrangement and insurance pact. It is because marriage is consisted by husband and wife. True marriage is built on love. When they get married, they must love each other. They should have a thought how they begin and maintain on their marriage life.  Both of them have responsibilities to make an effort for their marriage. Of course, marriage life is not absolutely the same as love. Love can be not sensible, but marriage life is practical. Marriage life is not only moonlight and kiss, but also need firm finances. Just like what Joann Biondi mentions, Sabeen Ali and Hash Mian had became close friends. They talk easily, bonding over a shared love of reading, music and travel. Also they send email to each other, and strengthen their love in college. After graduated, they leave each other because they need to work in different places. It is not only they respect each other, but also they can build their future finances after getting married. Similarly, Emma Goldman mentioned “Romeo and Juliet risked the wrath of their father for love.” It is because they have love, then they don’t care the wrath between their fathers. Conversely, in “Marriage and love”, Nora and her husband divorce, even though they have been marriage for 8 years and they have children. There is no other reason. It is only because there is no love between them. Nora just treats her husband as a stranger. Hence, marriage is not merely love. Love is the seed of marriage. Marriage is the production of love. Love and firm finances are two important facts which maintain marriage. Without love, finances can not maintain marriage. Likewise, without firm finances, love can’t either continue marriage life. At the same time, love is expressed by marriage.

Also, I don’t think marriage as an institution could be reformed to accommodate Goldman’s criticisms. After marriage, women can still work outside. Of course, for some certain reasons, women can not work outside because they get pregnant or need to take care of their children. However, it will not last for a long time.

Questions:

1.        Marriage, Goldman argues, “is primarily an economic arrangement, an insurance pact.” What does she mean by this? Is she correct? Why or why not?

2.        what is Goldman’s attitude toward romance and love? In what ways, according to Goldman, is the position of women comparable to that of workers? Do you agree? Why or why not?

3.        what are the values and principles that underlie Goldman’s critique of marriage?

4.        Is Goldman a romantic or a realist?

5.        How does Goldman’s critique of marriage compare with Marx’s critique of labor?

6.        Do you think marriage as an institution could be reformed to accommodate Goldman’s criticisms? Would it still be marriage or something else?

7.        How might Goldman write or direct a Hollywood film about marriage? What would such a film look life? What would be its plot?

REPORT SHEET

NAME, XU, XIONGHUI

SECTION: MD9A                                     DATE: March 8, 2008

1.         PART A: Heat of solution and dilution----Physical changes

TEMPERATURE

                                          INTIAL                       FINAL                  T(FINAL-INITIAL)

Ammonium chloride       15^o c             22^oc            7^oc

Calcium chloride       23^oc              50^oc            27^oc

Sodium hydroxide      23^oc                       22.5^oc                    -0.5^oc

2.        Part B: Heat of Reaction---Chemical Changes

                                                        Temperature

                                          INTIAL                       FINAL                  T(FINAL-INITIAL)

HCL and NaOH solution               22.5^oc                          24.0^oc                   1.5^oc

HCL and solid NaOH     19.7^oc             22.0^oc         2.3^oc

3.        Questions

l        The final solution temperature is different between HCL with NaOH solution and HCL with solid NaOH.

l        It is easy to hurt people and get burn.

l        The solution of Ammonium chloride can be a cold pack for an athletic injury.

March 5  Bela Kovacs Arrested  P20

The united states, in a note to the Soveit chairman of the allied control commission for Hungary, protested the arrest of Bela Kovacs, the former secretary general of the Hungarian Smallholders party that won a majority of votes in the November 1945 elections. He was arrested by the Soviet because he had parliamentary immunity and therefore could not be detained by the Hungarian government. The untied states wanted the allied control commission, composed of representatives of the big three, to investigate the incident. According to American officials, by arresting Kovacs the soviet union was interfering in Hungary’s internal affairs. On March 8 the Soviets rejected the American protest.

March 12. 1947  The Truman Doctrine  p21

President Truman appeared before a joint session of Congress to announce what came to be known as the Truman Doctrine. His recommendations were a response to specific conditions in Greece and Turkey and the general deterioration of Soviet-American relations since 1945. the essence of his doctrine was the decision to provide economic and military assistance to those nations threateded by communism. Greece was in the throes of a civil war, and the insurgent forces there were supported by communist regimes in Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia. Turkey was being pressed by the Soviet Union to bring the Dardanelles under some form of joint Soviet- Turkish control, and Moscow was demanding the return territory lost to Turkey by the czars. In his message, the president emphasized the ideological dimension of the conflict: “ Totalitarian regimes imposed on free peoples, by direct or indirect aggression, undermine the foundations of international peace and hence the security of the United States.” In May President Truman’s request for $ 400 million to aid Greece and Turkey was approved by Congress.

March 21 Marshall and Germany  p21

Secretary of state Marshall, at the meeting of the Council of Foreign Ministers that convened in Moscow on March 10, proposed establishing a provisional German government. He thought a central government was necessary to cope with the national problems outside the authority of the individual German states. He said a written constitution protecting political parties, free elections and freedom of speech, religion, and assembly was necessary. The Soviets rejected Marshall’s proposal.

March 22 Truman Doctrine Criticized p21

Elbridge Durbar, the American charged affaires in Moscow, reported on the Soviet propaganda offensive against Truman’s proposal to aid Greece and Turkey. The Soviet campaign, according to Durbar, was particularly vicious; the people were told that American capitalists had maintained contacts with german businesspeople during world war Two and that the capitalists were now planning for a new war. The Soivets charged that American aid was extended to needy nations to eventually subjugate them.

June 5 the Marshall Plan p22

Secretary of state Marshall, in a speech at Harvard University, presented the administration’s proposal to help meet the needs of war-devastated Europe: the Marshall Plan, or as it was officially entitled, the European Recovery Program. American policy, Marshall said, was not directed against any country or doctrine, and he opposed giving aid on a piecemeal basis; a comprehensive plan was necessary. Finally, he warned that any country that sought to block the economic recovery of other countries would not receive assistance.

CC 3.22—EXPERIMENT 2: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF IONS

Laboratory Report Sheet

Name:  xu, xionghui

Section MD 9A

Date 3/3/08

Results

a)      Flame Colors

1.      Ba²⁺    green

2.      Li⁺  red

3.      K⁺     orange

4.      Na⁺   yellow

b)      Color of Silver Halides

1.      AgBr   light berge

2.      AgCl    white purple

3.      AgI      light yellow

c)      Metal Ion in Unknown Solution

1.      Flame Test Color    green

d)      Nonmetal Ion in Unknown Solution

1.      Addition of Ba(NO₃)₂  white  form         Conclusion   BaSO₄   

2.      Addition of AgNO₃         no precipitate forms                 Conclusion   AgSO₄

                                               Unknown Salt:  Ba²⁺ +NO₃^---------Ba (NO₃)₂

When George had a job, he never went to pawnshop. The clerk in the pawnshop also looked down upon George, but George couldn’t say anything to the clerk and only accepted the clerk’s disrespect. At this point, it is very obvious that money determine the standard of George’s behavior. If George had money, it was unnecessary to go to pawnshop for George. The reason why the clerk could disrespect people is because all people, come to the pawnshop, are poor and need money. Otherwise, it is impossible that the clerk is such rude to customers. Hence, it is clear that the standard of the behavior of the customers and the clerk determined by who has money and who has no money.

“My new clothes had put me into a new world. Everyone’s demeanor seemed to have changed abruptly. ……Clothes are powerful thing” (129).George wore old clothes in London and someone called him a mate. This is an unrespectable call. We can make a prediction easily. George just changed his clothes, the treat from people were totally different. All people just respect what George wore. In the other word, if George wore new clothes, then all people respect him. Therefore, the clothes stand for money. George wore old clothes. It means that he didn’t have money. At this point, we can know that people’s behavior is determined by money.

Regarding on the other character, Boris, his experience better proves the money and the standard of people’s standard. When Boris had money, he could go to drink in Bar, even though he had a lot of mistresses. When he didn’t have money, Boris wrote a letter to his mistresses to borrow money. For a man, he could look for a job and earn money by work. However, Boris wanted to borrow money from his mistresses, and none of his mistresses wanted lend money to him. According to Boris and his mistresses, we can know the function to affect the standard of people’s behavior. For the mistresses, there was no problem to have sex with Boris when he had money. None of the mistresses wanted to help Boris when he had no money. The mistresses just cared about if Boris had money or not. Also, as a man, it is really shameful Boris went to borrow money from his mistresses. He was a man and could earn money by working. Poverty forces Boris to borrow money form his mistresses. Thus, money affects the standard of the mistresses and Boris’ behavior.

According to the above example, we can see that how important the money is. It can affect the standard of people’s behavior. The standard goes high when a person has money, and the standard goes low when a person has no money. Also, the other people’s attitude is also different, which is affected by money. The amount of money is big, the attitude is good. Oppositely, a person has no money, other people’s attitude is bad.